2017 · ODE Lab · Harvey Mudd research

A $15 network analyzer

Research in the Open Devices Engineering (ODE) Lab building low-cost, open-source instruments for semiconductor fabrication. The main project was a network analyzer that cost about $15.

Cost ~$15, fully open source
Range 10 kHz – 20 MHz sine generation
Core STM32 + DDS chip over SPI
Purpose MEMS cantilever resonance, lab-on-a-chip
Toolchain Open-source, embedded C
Role Design, assembly, firmware

The problem

Measuring the resonant frequency of a MEMS cantilever usually needs a benchtop network analyzer, which is expensive and out of reach for a low-cost lab-on-a-chip system. The lab built open-source instruments that anyone could make, so the goal was to do the same measurement for around $15.

What I did

The instrument

Designed, built, and tested a PCB that generates and measures sine waves from 10 kHz to 20 MHz. I wrote the embedded C to drive a direct digital synthesis (DDS) chip from an STM32 over SPI and set up the microcontroller. Everything used an open-source toolchain, so the design is easy to reproduce.

Pushing the sample rate

Explored time-interleaving to raise the effective sampling rate without paying for expensive high-speed ADCs.

Supporting hardware

I also built other open hardware for the lab: an Arduino-like STM32 board, an LED-matrix PCB for a spectrometer prototype, a clip-on JTAG connector for faster programming, and Hall-effect sensor testing for precise RPM control on a spin-coater.

Outcome

A working network analyzer for about $15 that could find a cantilever’s resonant frequency, making the lab-on-a-chip system cheaper to build and reproduce.